ANPEP (aminopeptidase N/CD13) is a membrane-bound metalloaminopeptidase with diverse roles in peptide catabolism, angiotensin maturation, and cellular signaling. Functionally, ANPEP serves as a receptor for multiple pathogens: it mediates human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and functions as the primary receptor for porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) 1, while also marking vulnerability of airway secretory cells to human coronavirus 229E infection 2. Beyond infectious disease, ANPEP has emerged as a critical metabolic regulator in liver cancer progression. Chr15 stress-induced upregulation of ANPEP promotes glutathione synthesis by interacting with SLC3A2 to enhance l-cystine transport, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis and driving tumor growth and metastasis 3. ANPEP is also associated with NAFLD and cirrhosis progression as part of a dysregulated aminopeptidase network (alongside DPP4 and LAP3), with potential roles in extracellular matrix remodeling during fibrosis 4. Clinically, ANPEP/CD13 expression marks cancer-related metaplastic cells in chr15 gastritis associated with both Helicobacter pylori infection and autoimmune gastritis, indicating carcinogenic potential 5. ANPEP also shows causal association with acute kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy contexts 6. Notably, ANPep peptides show therapeutic promise in preventing pathological cardiac remodeling in heart failure 7.