CD14 is a cell surface coreceptor that functions as a pattern recognition receptor for bacterial and damage-associated molecular patterns. Its primary role is binding monomeric lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in concert with LBP and delivering it to the LY96/TLR4 complex to mediate innate immune responses 123. CD14 also serves as a coreceptor for TLR2:TLR1 and TLR2:TLR6 heterodimers in response to triacylated and diacylated lipopeptides, respectively, triggering signaling through MyD88, TIRAP, and TRAF6, leading to NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion 45. Additionally, CD14 binds electronegative LDL and mediates associated cytokine release 6. Beyond classical immune functions, CD14 expression is altered in non-immune cell types during disease states, and soluble CD14 can initiate signaling in epithelial and endothelial cells 7. CD14+ dendritic cell subsets contribute to pathological inflammation in psoriasis through IL-1β and IL-23 production 8, while CD14+ monocytes play key roles in gout through hypoxia-related pathways and S100A-high subsets driving inflammasome activation 9. These findings highlight CD14's multifaceted role extending from canonical LPS recognition to broader inflammatory processes across diverse cell types and disease contexts.