CD160 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein that functions as a crucial regulator of immune cell activation and cytotoxicity 1. The protein is primarily expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and specific T cell subsets, where it plays a key role in activating NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production 1. Mechanistically, CD160 interacts with PI3K (p85α) to promote FcεR1γ and 4-1BB expression via the AKT-NF-κB pathway, thereby enhancing CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity 2. CD160+ CD8+ T cells demonstrate unique characteristics including resistance to terminal exhaustion and strong clonal expansion 2. In disease contexts, CD160 shows significant clinical relevance across multiple cancers. It is abnormally expressed in B-cell chr1 lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) where it enhances tumor cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis, serving as a potential prognostic marker for minimal residual disease detection 1. CD160+ CD8+ T cells are associated with improved immunotherapy responses in colorectal and gastric cancers 23. Additionally, CXCL13+ CD160+ CD8+ T cells facilitate tertiary lymphoid structure formation and correlate with immunotherapy efficacy 3. The protein also shows promise as a biomarker in breast cancer risk assessment 4.