CD70 is a cell surface ligand expressed on B cells that engages the CD27 receptor on T cells to mediate antigen-specific T cell activation and expansion, thereby providing immune surveillance of B cells 12. The CD70-CD27 signaling pathway is central to adaptive immune responses involving T cell and B cell interactions. Beyond its physiological immune function, CD70 has emerged as a significant therapeutic target in multiple malignancies due to its restricted expression in healthy tissues but elevated expression in cancer. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), CD70 is highly expressed and associated with poor prognostic features 3. CD70-targeted CAR T-cell therapies (CTX130) achieved disease control in 81.3% of relapsed/refractory ccRCC patients, with one durable complete response at 3 years 4. In non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, CD70 upregulation occurs early during resistance evolution and promotes cell survival and invasiveness 5. CD70 blockade shows promising synergistic effects with immunotherapy. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cancer cells enhance regulatory T cell suppression via CD70-CD27 interaction, and CD70 blockade reinvigorated CD8+ T-cell immunity when combined with anti-PD-1 therapy 6. CD70-targeted CAR NK cells effectively eliminate both tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal and pancreatic cancers 7. These findings position CD70 as a validated therapeutic target for multiple solid and hematologic malignancies.