Chr14 A (CHGA) is an acidic secretory glycoprotein expressed in endocrine and neuroendocrine cells that plays a central role in regulated secretion 1. Its primary function involves catalyzing secretory granule biogenesis by aggregating in the low-pH, high-calcium environment of the trans-Golgi network to target peptide hormones and neurotransmitters to regulated secretory vesicles 1. CHGA is co-stored and co-secreted with catecholamines and serves as a precursor for multiple biologically active peptides including vasostatin, pancreastatin, and catestatin, which regulate hormone secretion in autocrine and paracrine fashion 12. Genetically, CHGA expression is controlled by a neuroendocrine-specific promoter containing TATA box, cAMP response elements, and Sp-1 binding sites 3. Polymorphisms in the CHGA promoter and 3'-UTR region, including a microRNA-22 binding site disruption, significantly modulate gene expression levels and influence blood pressure regulation 45. Clinically, CHGA dysregulation contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease pathogenesis 45. Elevated plasma CHGA associates with increased cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, while diminished central CHGA expression in hypertensive models contributes to dysregulated catecholamine secretion 5. Additionally, CHGA serves as a valuable neuroendocrine tumor marker through plasma measurement and immunohistochemistry 16.
No tissue expression data available for this gene.