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25 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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CHGA
chromogranin A
Chromosome 14 · 14q32.12
NCBI Gene: 1113Ensembl: ENSG00000100604.13HGNC: HGNC:1929UniProt: G5E968
279PubMed Papers
0Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
negative regulation of catecholamine secretionperinuclear region of cytoplasmmast cell degranulationmast cell chemotaxis
✦AI Summary

Chr14 A (CHGA) is an acidic secretory glycoprotein expressed in endocrine and neuroendocrine cells that plays a central role in regulated secretion 1. Its primary function involves catalyzing secretory granule biogenesis by aggregating in the low-pH, high-calcium environment of the trans-Golgi network to target peptide hormones and neurotransmitters to regulated secretory vesicles 1. CHGA is co-stored and co-secreted with catecholamines and serves as a precursor for multiple biologically active peptides including vasostatin, pancreastatin, and catestatin, which regulate hormone secretion in autocrine and paracrine fashion 12. Genetically, CHGA expression is controlled by a neuroendocrine-specific promoter containing TATA box, cAMP response elements, and Sp-1 binding sites 3. Polymorphisms in the CHGA promoter and 3'-UTR region, including a microRNA-22 binding site disruption, significantly modulate gene expression levels and influence blood pressure regulation 45. Clinically, CHGA dysregulation contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease pathogenesis 45. Elevated plasma CHGA associates with increased cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, while diminished central CHGA expression in hypertensive models contributes to dysregulated catecholamine secretion 5. Additionally, CHGA serves as a valuable neuroendocrine tumor marker through plasma measurement and immunohistochemistry 16.

Sources cited
1
CHGA's role in secretory granule formation, aggregation properties, bioactive peptide fragments, and use as neuroendocrine tumor marker
PMID: 7768066
2
CHGA promoter polymorphisms affect expression levels and associate with cardiovascular/metabolic risk phenotypes
PMID: 28667172
3
CHGA 3'-UTR microRNA-22 binding site and promoter polymorphisms dysregulate expression in hypertension; miR-22 antagomir reduces blood pressure
PMID: 23674521
4
CHGA gene structure, promoter elements (TATA box, cAMP response element, Sp-1), and neuroendocrine cell-specific expression
PMID: 8120054
5
CHGA fragments exert diverse regulatory functions in cardiovascular, metabolic, and cancer processes
PMID: 31588572
6
CHGA as neuroendocrine differentiation marker in breast tumors
PMID: 29072945
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
CHGBProtein interaction99%SCG3Protein interaction99%SCG2Protein interaction95%SSTProtein interaction92%SYPProtein interaction87%CPEProtein interaction86%
Tissue Expression

No tissue expression data available for this gene.

Gene Interaction Network
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CHGACHGBSCG3SCG2SSTSYPCPE
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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PDB1LV4 · NMR
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.05LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.81 [0.63–1.05]
RankingsWhere CHGA stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #1,294of 20,598
    Most Researched279 · top 10%
  • #10,483of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.05
Genes detectedCHGA
Sources retrieved25 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
25▼
1
A haplotype variant of the human chromogranin A gene (
PMID: 28667172
J Biol Chem · 2017
1.00
2
MicroRNA-22 and promoter motif polymorphisms at the Chga locus in genetic hypertension: functional and therapeutic implications for gene expression and the pathogenesis of hypertension.
PMID: 23674521
Hum Mol Genet · 2013
0.90
3
Chromogranin A.
PMID: 7768066
Clin Invest Med · 1995
0.80
4
Chromogranin A.
PMID: 6472370
N Engl J Med · 1984
0.70
5
Altered PTEN, ATRX, CHGA, CHGB, and TP53 expression are associated with aggressive VHL-associated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
PMID: 23361940
Horm Cancer · 2013
0.64