CLTB (clathrin light chain B) encodes one of the light chain subunits of the clathrin complex, which plays essential roles in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and intracellular vesicle trafficking 1. The gene is located on chromosome 5 and undergoes alternative mRNA splicing to generate tissue-specific protein isoforms, with neuron-specific insertions encoded by discrete exons 2. CLTB functions in multiple cellular processes including synaptic vesicle cycling, where it serves as a protective factor against neurodegeneration 3. In disease contexts, CLTB expression is altered in various conditions: it is downregulated in Alzheimer's disease, where reduced expression correlates with neuroinflammation and immune cell infiltration 3, while it is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, promoting tumor progression through NF-κB-PCLAF signaling and small extracellular vesicle-mediated angiogenesis 1. CLTB also shows increased expression in ulcerative colitis remission, where it participates in GAP junction trafficking and epithelial homeostasis restoration 4. These findings highlight CLTB's dual role as both a fundamental component of cellular trafficking machinery and a disease-relevant biomarker with potential therapeutic implications.