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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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CORT
cortistatin
Chromosome 1 · 1p36.22
NCBI Gene: 1325Ensembl: ENSG00000241563.4HGNC: HGNC:2257UniProt: O00230
37PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
G protein-coupled receptor bindingneuropeptide hormone activityprotein bindingadenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayneoplasmcolorectal carcinomabreast cancermyocarditis
✦AI Summary

Cortistatin (CORT) is a neuropeptide with neuronal depressant and sleep-modulating properties that acts as a ligand for the MRGPRX2 receptor on mast cells 1. However, the provided abstracts primarily address corticosterone (also abbreviated CORT), the glucocorticoid hormone produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is distinct from the cortistatin neuropeptide. Corticosterone functions as a systemic intercellular signal whose levels vary circadianly and increase with environmental stressors 2. It activates mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in a complementary manner to promote stress resilience and homeostatic recovery 3. These receptors mediate both rapid non-genomic and slower gene-mediated mechanisms that are time-dependent and sexually dimorphic 3. Chr1 elevated corticosterone impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis by inducing hyperactive neuronal autophagy that depletes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), contributing to depressive-like behaviors 4. It also dysregulates serotonergic neuron-astrocyte signaling in the medial prefrontal cortex 5. Chr1 corticosterone exposure triggers multiple pathological mechanisms including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and altered microRNA expression patterns 67. Additionally, corticosterone mediates dual pro- and anti-inflammatory effects through widespread glucocorticoid receptor expression 8.

Sources cited
1
Cortistatin acts as a ligand for MRGPRX2 receptor in mast cells
PMID: 12915402
2
Corticosterone is a systemic intercellular signal whose level varies with circadian rhythm and stress
PMID: 27871862
3
Corticosterone activates MR and GR receptors in complementary on/off switch mechanism for stress resilience and homeostasis
PMID: 36599967
4
Chronic corticosterone impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis through hyperactive neuronal autophagy and BDNF depletion
PMID: 36793868
5
Corticosterone alters astrocytic calcium dynamics and serotonergic neuron-astrocyte signaling in depression
PMID: 37773446
6
Chronic corticosterone causes HPA axis dysfunction and triggers neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuroplasticity changes
PMID: 39457027
7
Chronic corticosterone upregulates miR-218-5p expression in prefrontal cortex through glucocorticoid receptor signaling
PMID: 34996981
8
Corticosterone mediates dual pro- and anti-inflammatory effects through widespread glucocorticoid receptor expression
PMID: 40182637
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.11Weak
colorectal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.10Weak
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
myocarditisOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
cardiovascular diseaseOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
Alzheimer diseaseOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
neuroendocrine neoplasmOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
ulcerative colitisOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
fibromyalgiaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
Pallister-Hall syndromeOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
Autoimmune HepatitisOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
Behcet's syndromeOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
IGA glomerulonephritisOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
coronary artery diseaseOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
atrial fibrillationOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
achalasia-alacrima syndromeOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
posterior cortical atrophyOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
CENPXProtein interaction100%SSTR2Protein interaction100%SSTR3Protein interaction100%MRGPRX2Protein interaction100%SSTR1Protein interaction99%GNAI1Protein interaction97%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Liver
100%
Brain
94%
Ovary
55%
Lung
23%
Bone Marrow
8%
Heart
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
CORTCENPXSSTR2SSTR3MRGPRX2SSTR1GNAI1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB7S8L · 2.45 Å · EM
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.39LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.25Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.45 [0.18–1.39]
RankingsWhere CORT stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #10,607of 20,598
    Most Researched37
  • #14,428of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.39
Genes detectedCORT
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Corticosteroid injections, eccentric decline squat training and heavy slow resistance training in patellar tendinopathy.
PMID: 19793213
Scand J Med Sci Sports · 2009
1.00
2
A users guide to HPA axis research.
PMID: 27871862
Physiol Behav · 2017
0.90
3
Hyperactive neuronal autophagy depletes BDNF and impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis in a corticosterone-induced mouse model of depression.
PMID: 36793868
Theranostics · 2023
0.80
4
Dysfunctional serotonergic neuron-astrocyte signaling in depressive-like states.
PMID: 37773446
Mol Psychiatry · 2023
0.70
5
The cortisol switch between vulnerability and resilience.
PMID: 36599967
Mol Psychiatry · 2024
0.60