DIRAS1 (DIRAS family GTPase 1) is a small GTPase that functions predominantly in the GTP-bound state with low intrinsic GTPase activity [UniProt]. It localizes to the plasma membrane and nucleus 1 and plays a critical role in regulating cell proliferation and survival across multiple cancer types. Mechanistically, DIRAS1 suppresses cancer cell growth and promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK/MAPK and AKT-MTOR signaling pathways 12. In ovarian cancer cells, DIRAS1 induces autophagy-mediated cell death by modulating nuclear localization of transcription factors FOXO3A and TFEB 2. DIRAS1 expression is epigenetically regulated through promoter methylation and m6A RNA modification, with downregulation associated with disease progression in renal cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, and osteosarcoma 345. Clinically, DIRAS1 functions as a putative tumor suppressor: its re-expression inhibits proliferation, invasion, and migration while promoting apoptosis 35. In colorectal cancer, DIRAS1 methylation correlates with poor prognosis and advanced TNM stage 4. Additionally, mutations in DIRAS1 cause generalized myoclonic epilepsy with photosensitivity in dogs, suggesting roles in neuronal function 6. DIRAS1 represents a therapeutic target activatable through histone deacetylase inhibitors and RNA activation strategies.