DLC1 (Deleted in Liver Cancer-1) functions as a tumor suppressor gene encoding a GTPase-activating protein that negatively regulates Rho family proteins (RHOA, RHOB, RHOC, and CDC42) by converting them from their active GTP-bound state to inactive GDP-bound state 1. The protein plays critical roles in cytoskeletal reorganization, cell migration, and proliferation control through its RhoGAP activity 2. DLC1 operates through multiple mechanisms including regulation of focal adhesion turnover, modulation of YAP/TAZ signaling via mechanotransductive feedback, and control of cell cycle progression by affecting p21 and cyclin D1 expression 34. Clinically, DLC1 expression is frequently downregulated in various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, and colon cancer due to genomic deletion, epigenetic modifications, or proteasomal degradation 15. Loss of DLC1 expression correlates with poor patient survival and increased metastatic potential, establishing it as both a tumor suppressor and metastasis suppressor gene 67. Restoration of DLC1 function inhibits cancer cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, and reduces migration, making it an attractive target for cancer therapeutics 42.