DTD1 (D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase 1) is an aminoacyl-tRNA editing enzyme that deacylates mischarged D-aminoacyl-tRNAs and glycyl-tRNA(Ala), protecting cells against amino acid mischarging and enforcing protein L-homochirality. The enzyme operates via tRNA-based catalysis rather than detecting D-amino acids directly in its active site, recycling D-aminoacyl-tRNA to free D-amino acids and tRNA molecules 1. DTD1 is located on chromosome 20 and functions in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial compartments. Clinically, DTD1 has emerged as a fusion partner in myeloid neoplasms. A DTD1-PDGFRB fusion gene was identified in a patient with eosinophilia-associated translocation t(5;20)(q33;p11), creating a constitutively active tyrosine kinase sensitive to imatinib treatment, with the patient achieving rapid complete hematologic remission 2. Additionally, DTD1 genetic variants show associations with metabolic traits: a missense variant (rs6035106) in DTD1 was associated with altered docosahexaenoic acid levels in erythrocyte membranes among Greenlanders 3. Gene expression studies indicate DTD1 expression is positively associated with healthy eating patterns during pregnancy 4. However, DTD1 variants do not appear to be risk factors for aspirin-intolerant asthma 5, and DTD1 variants modulate statin-induced gene expression changes in lymphoblastoid cells 6.