EIF3E is a core subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) complex, which orchestrates multiple steps in protein synthesis initiation 12. The eIF3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome to facilitate recruitment of initiation factors and formation of the 43S pre-initiation complex, while also stimulating mRNA recruitment and AUG scanning 1. Beyond translation, EIF3E serves specialized roles in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay through interaction with UPF2, and regulates proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins including MCM7 and EPAS1 3. Notably, EIF3E selectively controls translation of proliferation-related mRNAs, exerting either activation or repression depending on RNA stem-loop binding modes 2. In disease contexts, EIF3E exhibits dual oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions 4. In glioblastoma, EIF3E suppression triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through HIF modulation 5. Recently, EIF3E was identified as a critical mediator of selective translation during hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress, with eIF3e overexpression associated with worse breast cancer outcomes 6. Additionally, in acute myocardial infarction, the ALDH2*2 polymorphism disrupts ALDH2-eIF3E interaction, releasing eIF3E to promote selective translation of ferroptosis-related mRNAs 7. EIF3E fusions with RSPO2 occur in colorectal malignancies 8.