EPHX1 (epoxide hydrolase 1) is a microsomal biotransformation enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of arene and aliphatic epoxides to less reactive dihydrodiols 1. The enzyme metabolizes endogenous lipids, including epoxide-containing fatty acids and the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), converting it to arachidonic acid and glycerol. EPHX1 possesses dual capability to either detoxify or bioactivate a broad range of substrates 1. In disease contexts, EPHX1 gene polymorphisms (Tyr113His and His139Arg) show ethnicity-dependent associations with cancer susceptibility. The Tyr113His homozygote genotype increases cancer risk in Asian populations 2, while the His139Arg polymorphism demonstrates a protective effect against colorectal cancer in Caucasians 3. EPHX1 variants are also associated with pre-eclampsia risk and chr1 obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility 45. Additionally, EPHX1 polymorphisms significantly influence carbamazepine metabolism in epilepsy patients, affecting drug concentrations and metabolite levels 6. Recent research identifies EPHX1 as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer, where its suppression through TRIM21-mediated degradation promotes tumor growth and chemotherapy resistance 7.