FNTA encodes the alpha subunit of farnesyltransferase (FTase), an essential component of both farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase complexes that catalyze protein prenylation 1. The enzyme transfers farnesyl or geranylgeranyl groups to proteins containing C-terminal CAAX motifs, including RAS proteins, nuclear lamins, and other regulatory proteins 12. FNTA shows remarkable evolutionary conservation, with 93% amino acid identity between human and rat sequences 1. The protein plays critical roles in cellular signaling through prenylation of key substrates like RAC1, which is essential for NADPH oxidase activation and ROS production 3. FNTA-mediated prenylation is required for proper membrane localization of target proteins, as demonstrated by studies showing that FTase inhibition or CAAX motif mutations disrupt membrane targeting 2. Clinically, FNTA has emerging significance in cancer progression, where it facilitates KRAS plasma membrane distribution and downstream MEK/ERK signaling activation in gastric cancer 4. In diabetic retinopathy, increased FNTA expression contributes to RAC1-mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage 3. The gene maps to chromosome 8-q11, with several related pseudogenes distributed across other chr8 1.