GABARAP (GABA type A receptor-associated protein) is a ubiquitin-like protein with dual roles in intracellular transport and selective autophagy. As an autophagy-related protein, GABARAP functions distinctly from LC3 family members: while LC3s promote phagophore elongation, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for later-stage autophagosome maturation 1. GABARAP plays critical roles in specialized autophagic pathways including reticulophagy, where it interacts with ER-phagy receptor TEX264 to mediate endoplasmic reticulum remodeling and turnover under nutrient stress 2, and in mitophagy, where mitochondrial cargo receptors target dysfunctional mitochondria to autophagosomes via GABARAP interaction 3. Beyond autophagy, GABARAP regulates cytoskeletal organization and cell migration through its interaction with the CUL3(KBTBD6/7) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which ubiquitinates the RAC1-activating GEF TIAM1 4. Recent evidence demonstrates GABARAP's role in immune responses: upon cGAS-STING pathway activation, GABARAP lipidation on STING vesicles sequesters the FLCN-FNIP complex, preventing mTORC1-mediated phosphorylation of transcription factor TFEB and promoting lysosome biogenesis for enhanced pathogen clearance 5. Dysregulation of GABARAP-dependent autophagy is implicated in fatty liver disease, where impaired lipophagy contributes to disease pathogenesis 6.