GIGYF2 is a multifunctional adaptor protein that regulates gene expression through multiple mechanisms. Structurally, it contains a GYF domain that binds AGO2 1 and interacts with translation initiation factors including EIF4E2 and 4EHP 2. Mechanistically, GIGYF2 functions in mRNA surveillance pathways, participating in ribosome collision-induced quality control and nonsense-mediated decay 3. It recruits translational repressors to collided ribosomes, creating a negative-feedback loop that prevents translation of defective mRNAs 4. Additionally, as an RNA-binding protein, GIGYF2 enhances mRNA stability of specific targets like STAU1 5, and mediates microRNA-induced silencing through AGO2 interaction 1. Disease relevance is substantial. De novo loss-of-function mutations in GIGYF2 are recurrently associated with autism spectrum disorder 67, with affected individuals showing more severe phenotypes when carrying multiple genetic hits 7. GIGYF2 dysfunction is implicated in schizophrenia-associated phenotypes including altered forebrain development 8. Clinically, GIGYF2 dysregulation contributes to vascular aging through mTORC1 pathway activation 5, suggesting therapeutic potential. The GIGYF2-STAU1-mTORC1 signaling cascade represents a promising intervention target for aging-related cardiovascular diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders.