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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 15 days ago
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GLYAT
glycine-N-acyltransferase
Chromosome 11 · 11q12.1
NCBI Gene: 10249Ensembl: ENSG00000149124.11HGNC: HGNC:13734UniProt: A0A384P5E3
29PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
mitochondrionprotein bindingbenzoyl-CoA metabolic processglycine N-benzoyltransferase activityneurodegenerative diseaseArthropathyvitamin B deficiencyhepatocellular carcinoma
✦AI Summary

GLYAT (glycine-N-acyltransferase) is a mitochondrial acyltransferase that catalyzes the conjugation of acyl groups from acyl-CoA substrates to glycine, with preference for benzoyl-CoA as an acyl donor 1. The enzyme functions as a phase II detoxification enzyme, conjugating both xenobiotics (benzoic acid, salicylic acid) and endogenous organic acids (isovaleric acid) to form N-acylglycines 2. Mechanistically, GLYAT employs a catalytic mechanism wherein a critical glutamate residue deprotonates glycine to facilitate nucleophilic attack on the acyl-CoA substrate 1. Clinically, GLYAT has multiple disease associations. Genetic variants in GLYAT, particularly p.(Gln61Leu), show decreased enzymatic activity with potential pharmacogenetic implications 3. In preeclampsia, placental GLYAT upregulation reduces the bioavailability of salicylic acid, contributing to aspirin nonresponsiveness despite adequate drug metabolism 4. In cancer, decreased GLYAT expression correlates with poor prognosis in both breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, where GLYAT downregulation promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/AKT/Snail pathway 56. Genome-wide association studies identified GLYAT variants associated with bone size phenotypes and lean muscle mass, suggesting roles in glucose and energy metabolism 7.

Sources cited
1
GLYAT is upregulated in aspirin-nonresponsive placentas and diminishes salicylic acid's proangiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects
PMID: 40329906
2
GLYAT sequence variant p.(Gln61Leu) shows decreased specific activity and has pharmacogenetic implications
PMID: 33567294
3
GLYAT downregulation in breast cancer promotes proliferation, migration, and EMT via PI3K/AKT/Snail pathway; low expression correlates with poor prognosis
PMID: 33968740
4
GLYAT genetic variants are associated with bone size phenotypes and appendicular lean mass, suggesting roles in glucose and energy metabolism
PMID: 23108985
5
GLYAT downregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma correlates with tumor progression, poor prognosis, and immune escape
PMID: 39495775
6
GLYAT is proposed to form N-isovalerylglycine in isovaleric acidemia through glycine conjugation of isovaleryl-CoA
PMID: 36817957
7
GLYAT catalyzes phase II detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous organic acids; Glu226 deprotonates glycine to facilitate nucleophilic attack on acyl-CoA
PMID: 22071172
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.43Moderate
ArthropathyOpen Targets
0.29Weak
vitamin B deficiencyOpen Targets
0.26Weak
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
nonpapillary renal cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
liver cancerOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
major depressive disorderOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
obsessive-compulsive disorderOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
Parkinson diseaseOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
type 2 diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
clear cell renal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
colorectal cancerOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
hypertensionOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
ParkinsonismOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
strokeOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
GGCTProtein interaction85%AKR1D1Protein interaction77%AGAProtein interaction75%BAATProtein interaction58%ACSM2BShared pathway33%OXSMShared pathway29%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Liver
100%
Brain
0%
Lung
0%
Heart
0%
Ovary
0%
Bone Marrow
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
GLYATGGCTAKR1D1AGABAATACSM2BOXSM
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q6IB77
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.92LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF1.38 [0.75–1.92]
RankingsWhere GLYAT stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #12,154of 20,598
    Most Researched29
  • #17,362of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.92
Genes detectedGLYAT
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacokinetics of Aspirin in Preeclampsia Prevention.
PMID: 40329906
Circ Res · 2025
1.00
2
Frequent sequence variants of human glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) and inborn errors of metabolism.
PMID: 33567294
Biochimie · 2021
0.90
3
Downregulation of GLYAT Facilitates Tumor Growth and Metastasis and Poor Clinical Outcomes Through the PI3K/AKT/Snail Pathway in Human Breast Cancer.
PMID: 33968740
Front Oncol · 2021
0.80
4
Suggestion of GLYAT gene underlying variation of bone size and body lean mass as revealed by a bivariate genome-wide association study.
PMID: 23108985
Hum Genet · 2013
0.70
5
Downregulation of GLYAT correlates with tumour progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
PMID: 39495775
J Cell Mol Med · 2024
0.60