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GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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GNL2
G protein nucleolar 2
Chromosome 1 · 1p34.3
NCBI Gene: 29889Ensembl: ENSG00000134697.14HGNC: HGNC:29925UniProt: Q13823
141PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Hub Gene
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
nucleolusRNA bindingmembranenucleusneurodegenerative diseasehyperpituitarismsecondary malignant neoplasmopen-angle glaucoma
✦AI Summary

GNL2 (G protein nucleolar 2) is a GTPase that plays a critical role in ribosome biogenesis and cell proliferation. The protein associates with pre-60S ribosomal subunits in the nucleolus and is required for their nuclear export and maturation 1. GNL2 influences 60S ribosomal subunit maturation and global protein synthesis, providing a mechanism for its oncogenic effects 1. The protein serves as a core component of the RNAmetasome network involved in macromolecule biogenesis, where it interacts with other key proteins like MKI67 and MDN1 2. GNL2 knockdown significantly retards cell proliferation and affects the state of network proteins 2. In cancer contexts, GNL2 is frequently upregulated and associated with poor prognosis. Overexpression stimulates proliferation and colony formation, while silencing impairs cancer cell growth and diminishes xenograft tumor formation 1. GNL2 has been identified as a ribosomal maturation factor and downstream regulator in ribosome biogenesis pathways 3. The protein has been implicated in various cancers including ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma, making it a potential therapeutic target 143.

Sources cited
1
GNL2 associates with pre-60S ribosomal subunits and is required for nuclear export and maturation, influences protein synthesis, and has oncogenic effects in ovarian cancer
PMID: 34965383
2
GNL2 is a core protein of the RNAmetasome network for macromolecule biogenesis and its knockdown affects cell proliferation and other network proteins
PMID: 34912035
3
GNL2 is part of gene signatures associated with hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis
PMID: 38627714
4
GNL2 serves as a ribosomal maturation factor and downstream regulator in ribosome biogenesis pathways in lung adenocarcinoma
PMID: 39722009
⚠Limited data available — This gene has 4 indexed publications. Summary and analysis may be incomplete.
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.46Moderate
hyperpituitarismOpen Targets
0.30Weak
secondary malignant neoplasmOpen Targets
0.18Weak
open-angle glaucomaOpen Targets
0.17Weak
glaucomaOpen Targets
0.11Weak
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
gliomaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
asthmaOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
coronary artery diseaseOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
heart diseaseOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
immunodeficiency 75Open Targets
0.04Suggestive
ovarian carcinomaOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
autoinflammation with episodic fever and lymphadenopathyOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
glycoprotein storage diseaseOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease - immunodeficiencyOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
hepatic veno-occlusive disease-immunodeficiency syndromeOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
major depressive disorderOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
hemoglobin H diseaseOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
RETREG1Protein interaction100%RPL5Protein interaction99%NIFKProtein interaction99%RPL11Protein interaction99%BMS1Protein interaction99%RPL23AProtein interaction98%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Bone Marrow
100%
Lung
77%
Brain
58%
Heart
57%
Liver
57%
Ovary
56%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
GNL2RETREG1RPL5NIFKRPL11BMS1RPL23A
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB8FL3 · 2.53 Å · EM
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.81LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.58 [0.42–0.81]
RankingsWhere GNL2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #3,253of 20,598
    Most Researched141 · top quartile
  • #6,831of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.81
Genes detectedGNL2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Identification of hub genes based on integrated analysis of single-cell and microarray transcriptome in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
PMID: 38110868
BMC Genomics · 2023
1.00
2
DNER and GNL2 are differentially m6A methylated in periodontitis in comparison with periodontal health revealed by m6A microarray of human gingival tissue and transcriptomic analysis.
PMID: 36941720
J Periodontal Res · 2023
0.90
3
A hypoxia-glycolysis-lactate-related gene signature for prognosis prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma.
PMID: 38627714
BMC Med Genomics · 2024
0.80
4
Functional analysis of the 1p34.3 risk locus implicates GNL2 in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
PMID: 34965383
Am J Hum Genet · 2022
0.70
5
RNAmetasome network for macromolecule biogenesis in human cells.
PMID: 34912035
Commun Biol · 2021
0.60