GSTT2 is a theta-class glutathione S-transferase localized to chromosome 22.2 that functions as a detoxification enzyme 1. The protein conjugates reduced glutathione to hydrophobic electrophiles and possesses sulfatase activity, enabling metabolism of diverse exogenous and endogenous substrates 2. GSTT2 demonstrates significant activity against organic hydroperoxides and secondary lipid peroxidation products, suggesting a protective role against oxidative damage 3. Notably, GSTT2 exists as both a functional gene and a polymorphic pseudogene in human populations 4. Clinically, GSTT2 expression levels associate with cancer outcomes: loss of GSTT2 improves BCG immunotherapy response in bladder cancer by promoting pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration and reducing immunosuppressive PD-L1 expression 5. Conversely, elevated GSTT2 in esophageal tissues confers protection against bile acid-induced damage in gastroesophageal reflux disease, with racial disparities showing higher baseline GSTT2 in Black populations 6. GSTT2 expression is modulated by dietary polyphenols and their microbial metabolites, which enhance detoxification capacity and provide genotoxic protection in colon adenoma cells 78. These context-dependent roles suggest GSTT2 represents both a chemopreventive factor and a potential therapeutic target depending on cancer type.