KIF1B encodes a plus-end-directed microtubule motor protein that functions in anterograde transport of mitochondria and other cellular components 1. The protein belongs to the kinesin family and is essential for axon growth and myelination in vertebrates 2. KIF1B demonstrates motor activity along microtubules, facilitating the transport of organelles and vesicles within neurons. Disease associations include neuroblastoma, where KIF1B undergoes homozygous deletion at chromosome 1.2, though mutational analysis suggests it may not be the primary tumor suppressor gene 1. Genetic polymorphisms in KIF1B, particularly rs17401966, show protective effects against hepatocellular carcinoma risk, especially in Chinese populations and HBV-positive individuals 345. Recent studies implicate KIF1B in inflammatory diseases, where it regulates NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in asthma progression 6 and rare variants are linked to autoinflammatory Menière's disease 7. Additionally, polymorphisms in KIF1B show modest protective effects against multiple sclerosis, though replication studies have yielded mixed results 2. The gene's diverse roles span neuronal transport, tumor suppression, and inflammatory regulation.