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50 sources retrieved Β· Most recent: April 2026 Β· Index updated 14 days ago
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LCK
LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase
Chromosome 1 Β· 1p35.2
NCBI Gene: 3932Ensembl: ENSG00000182866.18HGNC: HGNC:6524UniProt: A0A0S2Z3Y8
564PubMed Papers
21Diseases
8Drugs
18Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Highly ConstrainedHub GeneKinaseOncogene
RESEARCH IMPACT
Highly Studied
CLINICAL
FDA Approved TargetOMIM Disease Gene
DATA QUALITY
βœ“ Experimental GO Evidenceβœ“ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
plasma membranephosphotyrosine residue bindingATPase bindingresponse to xenobiotic stimulussevere combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiencycancerchronic myelogenous leukemiaacute lymphoblastic leukemia
✦AI Summary

LCK is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase essential for T-cell development and immune function 1. It constitutively associates with the cytoplasmic portions of CD4 and CD8 receptors and initiates TCR-CD3 signaling by phosphorylating immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) on TCR-Ξ³ chains and CD3 subunits 12. Upon TCR stimulation, LCK phosphorylates and activates ZAP70, recruiting downstream signaling cascades that culminate in lymphokine production 1. LCK activity is finely regulated through post-translational modifications; SIRT2-mediated deacetylation at lysine K228 governs LCK conformation and determines TCR signaling threshold 3. UBR2-induced K63-linked ubiquitination at lysine residues further modulates LCK activation downstream of TCR signaling 4. CD28 co-stimulation enhances LCK recruitment to TCR microclusters, increasing ZAP70 activation and lowering TCR activation thresholds 5. Beyond T-cell signaling, LCK promotes glioblastoma cell migration and stemness through Paxillin and Crk-II phosphorylation 6. Aberrant LCK activation drives ~40% of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), making LCK inhibition via dasatinib or ponatinib a promising therapeutic strategy 78. Dysregulated LCK signaling also underlies Immunodeficiency 22.

Sources cited
1
LCK is essential for T-cell selection and maturation; constitutively associates with CD4/CD8; phosphorylates ITAM residues on TCR-Ξ³ and CD3 subunits
PMID: 2470098
2
LCK phosphorylates tyrosine residues in ITAM domains of TCR-CD3 complex
PMID: 40592325
3
SIRT2 deacetylates LCK at K228 to regulate LCK conformation and TCR signaling threshold; SIRT2 inhibition restores T-cell responses in exhausted cells
PMID: 41611868
4
UBR2 E3 ligase promotes K63-linked ubiquitination of LCK at K99 and K276, enhancing LCK activation and TCR signaling
PMID: 38225265
5
CD28 co-stimulation enhances LCK recruitment to TCR microclusters and accelerates ZAP70 activation
PMID: 39776902
6
LCK inhibition blocks glioma cell migration, pseudopodia formation, tumor growth, and stemness gene expression
PMID: 30353164
7
LCK is mutated/activated in ~40% of T-ALL; dasatinib and ponatinib effectively inhibit LCK phosphorylation in T-ALL
PMID: 37076694
8
LCK inhibition via dasatinib combined with mTORC1 inhibition induces T-ALL cell death through TCR signaling suppression
PMID: 35544598
9
Airway epithelial cells stimulate CD4 and CD8-associated LCK kinase activity through class II-dependent and independent pathways
PMID: 9374107
Disease Associationsβ“˜21
severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiencyOpen Targets
0.76Strong
cancerOpen Targets
0.64Moderate
chronic myelogenous leukemiaOpen Targets
0.59Moderate
acute lymphoblastic leukemiaOpen Targets
0.59Moderate
renal cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.57Moderate
sarcomaOpen Targets
0.53Moderate
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.51Moderate
soft tissue sarcomaOpen Targets
0.50Moderate
HIV infectionOpen Targets
0.48Moderate
combined immunodeficiencyOpen Targets
0.46Moderate
cutaneous melanomaOpen Targets
0.39Weak
lymphoid leukemiaOpen Targets
0.39Weak
Blast Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 PositiveOpen Targets
0.39Weak
acute myeloid leukemiaOpen Targets
0.37Weak
lymphoid neoplasmOpen Targets
0.37Weak
carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tractOpen Targets
0.37Weak
Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with Squamous DifferentiationOpen Targets
0.37Weak
skin basal cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.37Weak
skin squamous cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.37Weak
clear cell renal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.36Weak
Immunodeficiency 22UniProt
Pathogenic Variants18
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1042-1G>TLikely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2026
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.482-1G>ALikely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2025
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.481+1G>ALikely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2025
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1515C>A (p.Tyr505Ter)Likely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 505
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.785-1G>ALikely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.115C>T (p.Arg39Ter)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 39
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1126del (p.Thr375_Leu376insTer)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 375
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.584dup (p.Arg196fs)Likely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2023β†’ Residue 196
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.277C>T (p.Gln93Ter)Likely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2022β†’ Residue 93
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1201A>T (p.Lys401Ter)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2022β†’ Residue 401
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.415del (p.Arg139fs)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2022β†’ Residue 139
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.481+2T>GLikely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2022
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.477del (p.Ala160fs)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2021β†’ Residue 160
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1129dup (p.Ser377fs)Likely pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2019β†’ Residue 377
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1318C>T (p.Pro440Ser)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜†β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 440
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.188-2A>GPathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜†β˜†β˜†β˜†2024
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1393T>C (p.Cys465Arg)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜†β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 465
NM_005356.5(LCK):c.1022T>C (p.Leu341Pro)Pathogenic
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency
β˜†β˜†β˜†β˜†2012β†’ Residue 341
View on ClinVar β†—
Drug Targets8
DASATINIB ANHYDROUSApproved
Bcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitor
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ENMD-981693Phase II
Fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor
ILORASERTIBPhase II
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor
JNJ-26483327Phase I
Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-4 inhibitor
PAZOPANIBApproved
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 inhibitor
neoplasm
PAZOPANIB HYDROCHLORIDEApproved
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 inhibitor
soft tissue sarcoma
TG100-801Phase II
Ephrin type-B receptor 4 inhibitor
macular degeneration
XL-228Phase I
Insulin-like growth factor I receptor inhibitor
childhood leukemia
Related Genes
CBLProtein interaction100%CD2Protein interaction100%CD3DProtein interaction100%CD3EProtein interaction100%CD3GProtein interaction100%CD247Protein interaction100%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Bone Marrow
100%
Lung
76%
Liver
21%
Heart
9%
Brain
5%
Ovary
3%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
LCKCBLCD2CD3DCD3ECD3GCD247
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB1LKK Β· 1.00 Γ… Β· X-ray
View on RCSB β†—
Constraintβ“˜
LOEUFβ“˜
0.33Highly Constrained
pLIβ“˜
1.00Intolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.21 [0.14–0.33]
RankingsWhere LCK stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #426of 20,598
    Most Researched564 Β· top 5%
  • #445of 1,025
    FDA-Approved Drug Targets3
  • #2,262of 5,498
    Most Pathogenic Variants18
  • #1,395of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.33 Β· top 10%
Genes detectedLCK
Sources retrieved50 papers
Response timeβ€”
πŸ“„ Sources
50β–Ό
1
Human airway epithelial cells stimulate T-lymphocyte lck and fyn tyrosine kinase.
PMID: 9374107
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Β· 1997
1.00
2
Therapeutic targeting of LCK tyrosine kinase and mTOR signaling in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
PMID: 35544598
Blood Β· 2022
0.90
3
PTPN22-CD45 dual phosphatase retrograde feedback enhances TCR signaling and autoimmunity.
PMID: 40911684
Sci Adv Β· 2025
0.88
4
The role of competing mechanisms on Lck regulation.
PMID: 32794043
Immunol Res Β· 2020
0.82
5
Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin mitigates atopic dermatitis by inhibiting Th2 differentiation through LCK phosphorylation modulation.
PMID: 40253253
J Integr Med Β· 2025
0.80