LIPT1 encodes lipoyltransferase 1, a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of lipoyl moieties from lipoyl-protein H of the glycine cleavage system to E2 subunits of key metabolic complexes including pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDCE2) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1. This lipoylation process is essential for the enzymatic function of these complexes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle 2. LIPT1 deficiency causes Leigh disease with secondary deficiency of pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases, characterized by impaired cellular respiration and distinctive metabolic abnormalities 1. The enzyme's function is critical for maintaining cellular energy metabolism, as demonstrated by its role in regulating cuproptosis, a copper-induced cell death mechanism 34. LIPT1 expression levels have significant clinical implications across multiple cancer types: it acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer and bladder cancer, where higher expression correlates with better prognosis 43, while paradoxically showing oncogenic properties in hepatocellular carcinoma through metabolic reprogramming 5. Additionally, LIPT1 plays a role in DNA damage repair by influencing homologous recombination pathways, making it a potential target for radiosensitization in cancer therapy 2.