MAP3K10 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10) is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as an upstream activator of the JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signaling cascade 1. It also mediates TGFβ-induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation and activation 2, and regulates Sonic Hedgehog signaling in pancreatic cancer cells 3. In tumor biology, MAP3K10 plays dual roles: it promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and decreases gemcitabine sensitivity through upregulation of Gli-1 and Gli-2 3, while in the endothelium, it is essential for tumor angiogenesis by regulating expression of pro-angiogenic factors (Vegfa, Pgf, Angptl4) and metalloproteinases through an MLK-H19 axis 4. MAP3K10 expression is elevated in gastric cancer and associated with poor prognosis 5. In cancer cells, MAP3K10 is targeted by miR-155, which suppresses osteosarcoma cell growth 6. Beyond cancer, MAP3K10 participates in adult neurogenesis regulation through JNK activation 1 and is implicated in bilirubin-induced neurodegeneration 7. DNA methylation of MAP3K10 correlates with intracranial aneurysm risk, particularly in women, suggesting biomarker potential 8.