MVB12A is a component of the ESCRT-I complex, a crucial machinery for endosomal protein sorting and membrane scission. As the fourth subunit of human ESCRT-I alongside TSG101, VPS28, and VPS37, MVB12A mediates the sorting of ubiquitinated cargo proteins, particularly the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), from the plasma membrane into multivesicular bodies for lysosomal degradation 1. The protein contains a conserved C-terminal region that associates with the TSG101-VPS37 core complex 1 and features a functional MVB12-associated β-prism (MABP) domain enabling lipid binding and membrane targeting through recognition of acidic phospholipids 2. MVB12A function is dynamically regulated through posttranslational modifications. Tyrosine phosphorylation at position 204 in response to EGF stimulation regulates MVB12A binding to CD2AP, thereby controlling EGFR recruitment to ESCRT-I 3. Beyond endosomal cargo sorting, MVB12A participates in broader cellular processes including autophagosome closure and cytokinesis through ESCRT-I helical filament formation 4. Additionally, β-coronaviruses exploit MVB12A-containing ESCRT-I for virion egress, as MVB12A knockdown inhibits coronavirus particle release and replication 5, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for antiviral development.