NAPG (NSF attachment protein gamma) is a soluble NSF-attachment protein required for intracellular vesicular transport, particularly between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus 1. The protein functions as a component of the SNARE complex machinery mediating membrane fusion and protein-containing complex assembly [GO annotations]. NAPG plays a critical role in neurotransmission in the central nervous system 1. Genetic variants in NAPG have been associated with bipolar disorder susceptibility in both European and Chinese Han populations. Multiple SNPs (rs2290279, rs495484, rs510110) and haplotypes showed significant associations with bipolar disorder diagnosis 12. Additionally, a missense mutation (c.784A > G) in NAPG was identified as co-segregating with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) in a Chinese pedigree, with functional prediction indicating the mutation impairs protein conformational stability 3. Recent studies identified NAPG as a diagnostic gene associated with oxidative stress in osteoporosis, where low NAPG expression correlated with enriched estrogen response signaling and inhibited osteogenic differentiation 4. NAPG variants also demonstrated associations with high-altitude adaptation in Himalayan populations, suggesting roles in oxygen sensing and metabolic pathways 5. Finally, NAPG was identified as a dysregulated circulating mRNA in fetal growth restriction, potentially mediating gut-circulatory system interactions 6.