NGRN (neugrin, neurite outgrowth associated) plays an essential role in mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. As a component of a functional protein-RNA module consisting of RCC1L, NGRN, RPUSD3, RPUSD4, TRUB2, FASTKD2 and 16S mitochondrial ribosomal RNA, NGRN controls 16S mt-rRNA abundance and is required for intra-mitochondrial translation of core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system 1. A genome-wide CRISPR death screen identified NGRN as one of 191 high-confidence genes essential for oxidative phosphorylation, revealing its critical role in cellular energy metabolism 1. Recent studies have identified NGRN as potentially significant in stroke pathogenesis, with multi-omics analyses suggesting associations between NGRN expression and stroke risk through mitochondrial dysfunction pathways 2 3. The gene shows diagnostic potential in ischemic stroke, where mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to disease progression 2. NGRN's dual role in mitochondrial function and neurite outgrowth suggests it may serve as a critical link between cellular energy metabolism and neuronal development, making it clinically relevant for both metabolic disorders affecting oxidative phosphorylation and neurological conditions involving mitochondrial dysfunction.