PLAT encodes tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a serine protease that converts inactive plasminogen to active plasmin by cleaving a single Arg-Val bond, playing crucial roles in fibrinolysis and tissue remodeling 1. Beyond its classical thrombolytic function, PLAT exhibits diverse physiological roles including neuroprotection through modulation of autophagy pathways. Following cerebral ischemia, PLAT treatment decreases deleterious neuronal autophagy by degrading IGFBP3, increasing IGF1 bioavailability, and activating IGF1R-mediated PI3K-AKT-MTOR signaling 1. In vascular biology, PLAT-expressing pulmonary capillary cells (Plat+ Capillary-1) play critical roles in innate immune responses during sepsis-induced acute lung injury, facilitating granulocyte adherence to capillaries via ICAM-1 interactions 2. In oncology, PLAT participates in tumor-endothelial cell communication through the PLG-PLAT signaling axis, where FABP1+ renal cell carcinoma cells promote angiogenesis by triggering this pathway 3. Clinically, recombinant PLAT is used for thrombolytic therapy in stroke and other thrombotic conditions, with TCD monitoring proving effective for assessing treatment response 4. The multifaceted functions of PLAT extend beyond hemostasis to include tissue remodeling, neuroprotection, immune responses, and pathological angiogenesis.