HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
25 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
RPN1
ribophorin I
Chromosome 3 · 3q21.3
NCBI Gene: 6184Ensembl: ENSG00000163902.13HGNC: HGNC:10381UniProt: P04843
321PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Highly Constrained
RESEARCH IMPACT
Trending
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingoligosaccharyltransferase complex Aoligosaccharyltransferase complex Bprotein N-linked glycosylationdengue diseaseCOVID-19agingsevere acute respiratory syndrome
✦AI Summary

RPN1 (ribophorin I) is a core subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex located at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane 1. It catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)) from dolichol-pyrophosphate to asparagine residues in nascent polypeptides, initiating protein N-glycosylation cotranslationally 1. RPN1 associates with the Sec61 translocon complex, facilitating protein translocation across the ER membrane. Beyond its canonical glycosylation function, RPN1 participates in cellular quality control mechanisms. It serves as a target for UFMylation by the UFL1 ligase brought to the ER surface by DDRGK1, preferentially marking ER sheets for autophagic degradation via ER-phagy, paralleling PINK1-Parkin regulation during mitophagy 2. RPN1 also binds the proteasome subunit RPN11 and interacts with the ubiquitin-independent proteasome regulator MIDN 3. Clinically, RPN1 is aberrantly overexpressed across multiple cancer types and associated with poor prognosis 45. RPN1 amplification is the predominant mutation type, linked to genomic instability and elevated tumor burden 6. RPN1 overexpression promotes immunosuppression by recruiting M2 macrophages while suppressing CD8+ T cell infiltration, reducing immunotherapy responsiveness in several malignancies 6. Additionally, RPN1 and other N-glycosylation machinery are upregulated specifically in brain capillaries of Alzheimer's disease patients 7, suggesting involvement in neurodegenerative disease pathology.

Sources cited
1
RPN1 is a subunit of OST complex catalyzing transfer of Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to asparagine residues in protein N-glycosylation
PMID: 31831667
2
RPN1 is UFMylated by UFL1 ligase and targeted for ER-phagy degradation
PMID: 32160526
3
RPN1 binds MIDN and proteasome RPN11 as part of substrate degradation mechanism
PMID: 40339123
4
RPN1 is elevated in multiple cancer types and correlates with poor prognosis and tumor progression
PMID: 40079196
5
RPN1 overexpression promotes immune evasion and affects tumor cell proliferation and senescence
PMID: 39749324
6
RPN1 amplification links to genomic instability, promotes M2 macrophage recruitment, and suppresses CD8+ T cells, predicting immunotherapy resistance
PMID: 40857034
7
RPN1 and N-glycosylation machinery are upregulated in brain capillaries of Alzheimer's disease patients
PMID: 35766008
Disease Associationsⓘ20
dengue diseaseOpen Targets
0.50Moderate
COVID-19Open Targets
0.45Moderate
agingOpen Targets
0.37Weak
severe acute respiratory syndromeOpen Targets
0.33Weak
myeloproliferative disorderOpen Targets
0.30Weak
Abnormality of the skeletal systemOpen Targets
0.23Weak
esophageal squamous cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.21Weak
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.21Weak
prostate carcinomaOpen Targets
0.21Weak
acute myeloid leukemiaOpen Targets
0.20Weak
lung adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
esophageal adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
non-small cell lung carcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
bladder transitional cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
breast ductal adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
colon adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
ovarian serous adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
clear cell renal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
urinary bladder carcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
prostate adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.19Weak
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
SEC61GProtein interaction100%SEC61A1Protein interaction100%SEC61A2Protein interaction100%SEC63Protein interaction100%MLECProtein interaction100%SSR2Protein interaction100%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Lung
100%
Liver
94%
Brain
88%
Heart
68%
Bone Marrow
51%
Ovary
50%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
RPN1SEC61GSEC61A1SEC61A2SEC63MLECSSR2
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB6S7O · 3.50 Å · EM
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.30Highly Constrained
pLIⓘ
1.00Intolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.17 [0.10–0.30]
RankingsWhere RPN1 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #1,038of 20,598
    Most Researched321 · top 10%
  • #1,165of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.30 · top 10%
Genes detectedRPN1
Sources retrieved25 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
25▼
1
A Genome-wide ER-phagy Screen Highlights Key Roles of Mitochondrial Metabolism and ER-Resident UFMylation.
PMID: 32160526
Cell · 2020
1.00
2
VCP/p97 UFMylation stabilizes BECN1 and facilitates the initiation of autophagy.
PMID: 38762759
Autophagy · 2024
0.90
3
Structural insights into the ubiquitin-independent midnolin-proteasome pathway.
PMID: 40339123
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · 2025
0.80
4
Disulfidptosis-related genes RPN1 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating cell cycle, may be a new therapeutic targets.
PMID: 40691521
Inflamm Res · 2025
0.76
5
Exploring the impact of RPN1 on tumorigenesis and immune response in cancer.
PMID: 40079196
FASEB J · 2025
0.70