SEC24B is a component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) that mediates vesicle formation and cargo selection during endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport 12. As part of the COPII complex, SEC24B plays a central role in cargo selection and physical deformation of ER membranes into transport vesicles 12. SEC24B preferentially recognizes and packages cargo proteins containing specific cytoplasmic motifs (DxE or LxxLE) and conformational epitopes 12. Clinically, SEC24B mutations are associated with neural tube defects (NTDs), with four identified missense variants showing loss-of-function effects that impair Vangl2 protein trafficking and subcellular localization 3. Mouse models demonstrate that Sec24b disruption causes craniorachischisis and disrupts planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling, affecting neural tube closure and cochlear development 4. Beyond NTDs, SEC24B variants have been identified as risk genes for congenital vertebral malformations in genome-wide studies 5. Recent research reveals SEC24B's role in regulating microglia ferroptosis, linking it to neurodegeneration mechanisms in Parkinson's disease 6. Additionally, SEC24B participates in STING-mediated antiviral immunity through linear ubiquitination-dependent trafficking 7 and contributes to autophagy regulation and PCSK9 secretion 89.