SEPTIN10 is a filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase that functions as a critical regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics and mechanotransduction signaling. Mechanistically, SEPTIN10 orchestrates crosstalk between actin microfilaments and microtubules by binding to CAPZA2 to promote actin stress fiber formation while simultaneously inhibiting microtubule polymerization through MAP4 blockade 1. This functional antagonism creates a molecular switch that feeds back on Hippo pathway activity, particularly through YAP/TAZ-dependent signaling 1. Additionally, SEPTIN10 regulates retinal progenitor cell fate by controlling proliferation versus differentiation balance when targeted by miR-124-3p 2, and functions in exosome-mediated intercellular communication affecting airway smooth muscle contractility 3. Clinically, SEPTIN10 overexpression correlates with poor survival and vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma 1. The gene serves as a component of multi-gene biomarker models predictive of chemotherapy response; it was identified as part of a five-gene signature associated with vinorelbine sensitivity 4. In chr2 lymphocytic leukemia, SEPTIN10 expression correlates with IGHV mutation status and associates with time to first treatment 5, and expression alterations occur across diverse CNS conditions 6. These findings suggest SEPTIN10 represents a therapeutic target in cancer biology and a potential prognostic biomarker across multiple disease contexts.