SLC10A3 is an X-linked solute carrier protein with emerging roles beyond its predicted housekeeping functions. Originally characterized as a potential thiamine transporter 1, SLC10A3 has been identified as a critical regulator of ferroptosis and programmed cell death in gliomas. In glioblastoma, SLC10A3 upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and promotes tumor growth by suppressing ferroptosis through the STAT3/GPX4 signaling pathway; SLC10A3 silencing enhances sensitivity to ferroptosis inducers like Erastin 2. In lower-grade gliomas, elevated SLC10A3 expression associates with worse overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval, and functions as an independent prognostic biomarker 34. SLC10A3 participates in multiple programmed cell death pathways including ferroptosis, necroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death 3. Beyond gliomas, SLC10A3 is upregulated in colorectal cancer, where elevated expression predicts poor survival and correlates with immune infiltration and cancer-associated fibroblasts 5. Functionally, SLC10A3 can homo- and heterodimerize with other SLC10 family members, potentially modulating transport activities 6. Recent evidence suggests sex-specific associations with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in females 7. Together, SLC10A3 emerges as a multi-functional oncogenic biomarker and potential immunotherapy target across cancer types.