TIPRL (TOR signaling pathway regulator-like) is a regulatory protein that functions primarily as an allosteric inhibitor of protein phosphatases PP2A and PP4. Structurally, TIPRL adopts a novel fold with a central antiparallel beta-sheet core and contains a conserved cleft that preferentially binds the unmodified C-terminal tail of PP2A 1. The protein inhibits PP2A catalytic activity by blocking the phosphatase's active site and coordinates with latency chaperone α4 to disassemble active holoenzymes in a methylation-dependent manner 2. TIPRL negatively regulates PP4 activity by inhibiting formation of the active PP4C:PP4R2 complex, thereby promoting H2AX phosphorylation and enhancing DNA damage response signaling 3. In cancer contexts, TIPRL is significantly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer, where it contributes to tumor progression through multiple mechanisms 45. In lung cancer stem cells, TIPRL maintains stemness and survival by binding CaMKK2 and activating a CaMKK2-CaMK4-CREB feedback loop 5. In hepatocellular carcinoma, TIPRL promotes TRAIL resistance by facilitating MKK7-PP2Ac interactions and preventing prolonged JNK activation 6. Pan-cancer analysis reveals TIPRL overexpression correlates with poor prognosis and genomic instability across multiple tumor types 7.
No related genes found for this gene.
No tissue expression data available for this gene.