HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
TTF2
transcription termination factor 2
Chromosome 1 · 1p13.1
NCBI Gene: 8458Ensembl: ENSG00000116830.13HGNC: HGNC:12398UniProt: Q9UNY4
74PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
DNA RepairTranscription Factor
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
cytosolATP-dependent activity, acting on DNAprotein bindingDNA repairneurodegenerative diseasealcohol drinkingsialolithiasisLoss of consciousness
✦AI Summary

TTF2 (transcription termination factor 2) is a dsDNA-dependent ATPase that functions as a transcription termination factor by coupling ATP hydrolysis to remove RNA polymerase II from DNA templates 1. Beyond its canonical role in transcription termination, TTF2 exhibits multifaceted cellular functions. It participates in cell cycle regulation through interaction with cell cycle machinery: TTF2 protein levels oscillate during cell cycle progression, with knockdown inducing G2/M arrest and overexpression promoting M/G1 transition and cell proliferation 1. TTF2 is ubiquitinated by APC/CCDH1 for proteasomal degradation and binds CDC20 to prevent mitotic checkpoint complex formation during normal mitosis 1. Additionally, TTF2 may contribute to mitotic transcription repression and pre-mRNA splicing. In disease contexts, TTF2 mutations associate with congenital hypothyroidism through thyroid dysgenesis mechanisms 2, while genetic variants (rs965513) elevate papillary thyroid cancer risk 3. TTF2 is overexpressed in solid tumors and serves as an independent prognostic factor in glioma, correlating with poor survival 4. Recent mechanistic studies reveal TTF2 can be recruited to YAP/TEAD complexes to suppress transcriptional activity 5, suggesting roles in transcriptional regulation beyond polymerase II termination.

Sources cited
1
TTF2 functions as a transcription termination factor; its protein levels oscillate during cell cycle; it regulates G2/M transition and cell proliferation; it is ubiquitinated by APC/CCDH1 and binds CDC20
PMID: 40410652
2
TTF2 mutations are associated with congenital hypothyroidism through thyroid dysgenesis
PMID: 30022773
3
TTF2 variant rs965513 is significantly associated with increased papillary thyroid cancer risk
PMID: 26356687
4
TTF2 is highly expressed in glioma and is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival
PMID: 41748645
5
TTF2 can be recruited to YAP/TEAD transcription complexes to suppress transcriptional activity
PMID: 40985618
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.50Moderate
alcohol drinkingOpen Targets
0.39Weak
sialolithiasisOpen Targets
0.30Weak
Loss of consciousnessOpen Targets
0.27Weak
dementiaOpen Targets
0.27Weak
KBG syndromeOpen Targets
0.12Weak
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
papillary thyroid carcinomaOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
non-small cell lung carcinomaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
cleft palateOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
gliomaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
congenital hypothyroidismOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
gastric cancerOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 2Open Targets
0.01Suggestive
athyreosisOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
Chédiak-Higashi syndromeOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
choanal atresiaOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
large cell medulloblastomaOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
bone diseaseOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
CDC73Protein interaction100%SUPT5HProtein interaction100%CTR9Protein interaction100%RTF1Protein interaction100%LEO1Protein interaction100%SUPT4H1Protein interaction99%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Bone Marrow
100%
Heart
39%
Lung
37%
Ovary
36%
Brain
32%
Liver
16%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
TTF2CDC73SUPT5HCTR9RTF1LEO1SUPT4H1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q9UNY4
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.86LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.73 [0.63–0.86]
RankingsWhere TTF2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #6,437of 20,598
    Most Researched74
  • #7,555of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.86
Genes detectedTTF2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Replication and Meta-Analysis of Common Gene Mutations in TTF1 and TTF2 with Papillary Thyroid Cancer.
PMID: 26356687
Medicine (Baltimore) · 2015
1.00
2
Targeted next-generation sequencing of thirteen causative genes in Chinese patients with congenital hypothyroidism.
PMID: 30022773
Endocr J · 2018
0.90
3
Spectrum of Human Foxe1/TTF2 Mutations.
PMID: 20453517
Horm Res Paediatr · 2010
0.80
4
Mutual regulation between cell cycle and transcription termination factor TTF2.
PMID: 40410652
Sci China Life Sci · 2025
0.70
5
TTF2 as a potential biomarker and immunotherapy target in glioma diagnosis and prognosis.
PMID: 41748645
Sci Rep · 2026
0.60