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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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UGT2B28
UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B28
Chromosome 4 · 4q13.2
NCBI Gene: 54490Ensembl: ENSG00000135226.18HGNC: HGNC:13479UniProt: Q9BY64
16PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Hub Gene
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
endoplasmic reticulumglucuronosyltransferase activitysteroid metabolic processnuclear outer membranefolliculitisX-linked retinal dysplasianeoplasmage-related macular degeneration
✦AI Summary

UGT2B28 is a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzyme that catalyzes glucuronidation of endogenous steroids and other compounds to facilitate their elimination 1. The enzyme exists as three isoforms (types I-III) generated by alternative splicing from a single gene, with only type I possessing full glucuronidation activity 1. UGT2B28 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear membrane 1, with tissue expression primarily in liver, breast, adipose tissue, and prostate 2. The gene is subject to common copy number variations (CNVs) affecting 13.5% of Caucasians 3, with deletions increasing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk 4. In prostate cancer, UGT2B28 overexpression drives progression through stabilization of the HIP1 adaptor protein, activating AR and EGFR signaling pathways leading to ERK1/2 activation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition 5. UGT2B28 expression is elevated in African American prostate cancer patients and regulated by both full-length AR and the splice variant ARv7 6. Tumor overexpression associates with higher Gleason scores, nodal invasion, and increased circulating testosterone and DHT levels 7. Conversely, UGT2B28 deletion significantly reduces levels of glucuronidated steroids and inflammatory mediators 8. These findings establish UGT2B28 as both a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer.

Sources cited
1
UGT2B28 catalyzes glucuronidation of steroids; three isoforms exist with type I being catalytically active; localizes to endoplasmic reticulum; expressed in liver, breast, and LNCaP cells
PMID: 11300766
2
Quantitative analysis of UGT2B28 mRNA expression shows clear detection in breast and adipose tissue with specific real-time RT-PCR method
PMID: 21679149
3
UGT2B28 copy number loss increases esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk; loss genotypes decrease UGT2B28 expression and enzyme activity
PMID: 26693059
4
UGT2B28 is among the most commonly deleted genes in humans; CNVs occur at 13.5% in Caucasians; involved in sex-steroid hormone catabolism
PMID: 19572376
5
UGT2B28 promotes prostate cancer progression by stabilizing HIP1, regulating AR and EGFR pathways; overexpressed in tumors versus normal tissue; regulated by AR/ARv7
PMID: 36343786
6
UGT2B28 expression is elevated in prostate cancer and higher in African American patients; regulated by AR and AR-v7; knockdown impairs organoid formation and tumor growth
PMID: 35954173
7
UGT2B28 knockout reduces oxylipins and inflammatory mediators but increases ceramides; causes broad metabolic rewiring in prostate cancer
PMID: 36347965
8
UGT2B28 tumor overexpression associates with higher Gleason scores, nodal invasion, and 30% higher circulating testosterone and DHT levels; independent prognostic factor for progression
PMID: 26215610
Disease Associationsⓘ20
folliculitisOpen Targets
0.15Weak
X-linked retinal dysplasiaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
age-related macular degenerationOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophyOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Stargardt diseaseOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
posterior cortical atrophyOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathyOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
age related macular degeneration 11Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
age related macular degeneration 2Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
age related macular degeneration 4Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
age related macular degeneration 6Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
age related macular degeneration 7Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
coloboma of optic nerveOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
exudative vitreoretinopathy 2, X-linkedOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
vitamin D deficiencyOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
exudative vitreoretinopathyOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
HypercholesterolemiaOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
isolated optic nerve hypoplasiaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
Alzheimer diseaseOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
CYP2B6Protein interaction97%CYP2C9Protein interaction96%CYP1A2Protein interaction96%CYP2C8Protein interaction96%AOX1Protein interaction95%CYP1A1Protein interaction95%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Liver
100%
Brain
0%
Heart
0%
Lung
0%
Bone Marrow
0%
Ovary
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
UGT2B28CYP2B6CYP2C9CYP1A2CYP2C8AOX1CYP1A1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q9BY64
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.46LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF1.13 [0.89–1.46]
RankingsWhere UGT2B28 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #15,433of 20,598
    Most Researched16
  • #14,921of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.46
Genes detectedUGT2B28
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Isolation and characterization of the UGT2B28 cDNA encoding a novel human steroid conjugating UDP-glucuronosyltransferase.
PMID: 11300766
Biochemistry · 2001
1.00
2
Quantitative analysis of UGT2B28 mRNA expression by real-time RT-PCR and application to human tissue distribution study.
PMID: 21679149
Drug Metab Lett · 2011
0.90
3
Germline copy number loss of UGT2B28 and gain of PLEC contribute to increased human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Southwest China.
PMID: 26693059
Am J Cancer Res · 2015
0.80
4
Copy-number variations (CNVs) of the human sex steroid metabolizing genes UGT2B17 and UGT2B28 and their associations with a UGT2B15 functional polymorphism.
PMID: 19572376
Hum Mutat · 2009
0.70
5
rs142362919 and rs7681187 Are cis-Regulatory Variations for Human UGT2B28 in Breast.
PMID: 29357108
J Clin Pharmacol · 2018
0.60