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GeneE
10 sources retrieved Β· Most recent: April 2026 Β· Index updated 14 days ago
β“˜GeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
AMPD1
adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1
Chromosome 1 Β· 1p13.2
NCBI Gene: 270Ensembl: ENSG00000116748.22HGNC: HGNC:468UniProt: P23109
100PubMed Papers
21Diseases
0Drugs
2Pathogenic Variants
CLINICAL
OMIM Disease Gene
DATA QUALITY
βœ“ Experimental GO Evidenceβœ“ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
GMP salvageAMP deaminase activityprotein bindingidentical protein bindingadenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiencyrhabdomyolysisneurodegenerative diseasegenetic disorder
✦AI Summary

AMPD1 encodes adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1, a cytosolic hydrolase that catalyzes AMP deamination and plays a critical role in energy metabolism 1. The enzyme participates in purine nucleotide salvage and biosynthetic pathways, including IMP salvage and GMP salvage processes, thereby regulating nucleotide homeostasis and ATP production during muscle contraction 1. The common C34T polymorphism (rs17602729) produces a nonsense mutation causing AMPD1 protein deficiency, which influences exercise performance and fatigue resistance during high-intensity exercise 1. Individuals homozygous for the wild-type C allele show increased frequency among elite endurance and power athletes, suggesting the CC genotype confers a 1.72-2.17 times greater likelihood of achieving elite athlete status 1. In cardiovascular disease patients, the T allele carriers (CT/TT genotypes) demonstrate protective effects including elevated left ventricular ejection fraction and reduced blood pressure compared to CC genotype carriers 2. AMPD1 mutations are associated with altered glucose metabolism and obesity risk; specifically, the C34T mutation correlates with reduced diabetes prevalence while the A860T variant associates with increased abdominal obesity 3. AMPD1 serves as a transcriptional target of SRC-3 in breast cancer, potentially contributing to metabolic reprogramming and tumor progression 4. Rare AMPD1 deficiency causes myopathy characterized by exercise intolerance 5.

Sources cited
1
AMPD1 c.34C>T polymorphism causes nonsense mutation and protein deficiency; CC genotype overrepresented in elite endurance and power athletes with 1.72-2.17 times greater likelihood of elite status
PMID: 40332645
2
AMPD1 C34T polymorphism T allele carriers show elevated LVEF and reduced blood pressure in cardiovascular disease patients
PMID: 28673246
3
AMPD1 C34T mutation associated with reduced diabetes prevalence; A860T variant associated with increased abdominal obesity in CAD/HF patients
PMID: 21108053
4
AMPD1 is a transcriptional target of SRC-3 involved in purine metabolism and breast cancer metabolic reprogramming
PMID: 29615789
5
AMPD1 mutations cause myoadenylate deaminase deficiency myopathy, a rare metabolic myopathy
PMID: 33250842
Disease Associationsβ“˜21
adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiencyOpen Targets
0.55Moderate
rhabdomyolysisOpen Targets
0.37Weak
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.31Weak
genetic disorderOpen Targets
0.19Weak
autismOpen Targets
0.19Weak
hypothyroidismOpen Targets
0.15Weak
familial hypercholesterolemiaOpen Targets
0.15Weak
hypercholesterolemia, autosomal dominant, type BOpen Targets
0.15Weak
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
papillary thyroid carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
chronic kidney diseaseOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
coronary artery diseaseOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
ThrombocytopeniaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Blackfan-Diamond anemiaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopeniaOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
macrothrombocytopenia, isolated, 2, autosomal dominantOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
thrombocytopenia 4Open Targets
0.06Suggestive
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
X-linked severe congenital neutropeniaOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
DIAPH1-related sensorineural hearing loss-thrombocytopenia syndromeOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
Myopathy due to myoadenylate deaminase deficiencyUniProt
Pathogenic Variants2
NM_000036.3(AMPD1):c.1679+2T>CPathogenic
Muscle AMP deaminase deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2025
NM_000036.3(AMPD1):c.2181T>A (p.Tyr727Ter)Likely pathogenic
Muscle AMP deaminase deficiency
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2020β†’ Residue 727
View on ClinVar β†—
Related Genes
NT5C2Protein interaction97%NT5MProtein interaction96%NT5C3AProtein interaction96%AK4Protein interaction95%PNPProtein interaction94%ATICProtein interaction93%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Lung
100%
Liver
34%
Bone Marrow
20%
Ovary
14%
Brain
2%
Heart
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
AMPD1NT5C2NT5MNT5C3AAK4PNPATIC
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted Β· UniProt P23109
View on AlphaFold β†—
Constraintβ“˜
LOEUFβ“˜
1.04LoF Tolerant
pLIβ“˜
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.85 [0.70–1.04]
RankingsWhere AMPD1 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #4,760of 20,598
    Most Researched100 Β· top quartile
  • #4,320of 5,498
    Most Pathogenic Variants2
  • #10,291of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.04
Genes detectedAMPD1
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response timeβ€”
πŸ“„ Sources
10β–Ό
1
A 20-year Clinical and Genetic Neuromuscular Cohort Analysis in Lebanon: An International Effort.
PMID: 34602496
J Neuromuscul Dis Β· 2022
1.00
2
Clinical and Genomic Evaluation of 207 Genetic Myopathies in the Indian Subcontinent.
PMID: 33250842
Front Neurol Β· 2020
0.90
3
Effects of AMPD1 gene C34T polymorphism on cardiac index, blood pressure and prognosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis.
PMID: 28673246
BMC Cardiovasc Disord Β· 2017
0.80
4
Association Between the c.34C > T (rs17602729) Polymorphism of the AMPD1 Gene and the Status of Endurance and Power Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
PMID: 40332645
Sports Med Β· 2025
0.70
5
Metabolic enzyme PFKFB4 activates transcriptional coactivator SRC-3 to drive breast cancer.
PMID: 29615789
Nature Β· 2018
0.60