APOC3 encodes apolipoprotein C3, a key regulator of triglyceride homeostasis that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism 1. The protein functions as a component of triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma, where it promotes hepatic VLDL assembly and secretion intracellularly while attenuating hydrolysis and clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins extracellularly 1. APOC3 impairs lipolysis by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and reduces hepatic uptake of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins by remnant receptors 1. Therapeutically, APOC3 has emerged as a genetically validated target for triglyceride lowering, with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting APOC3 showing significant efficacy in reducing triglyceride levels in clinical trials 234. These therapies demonstrate substantial triglyceride reductions of 49-62% compared to placebo in patients with hypertriglyceridemia 23. APOC3 inhibition represents a promising therapeutic approach for severe hypertriglyceridemia, which poses risks for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and acute pancreatitis 56. The protein's role in triglyceride metabolism makes it particularly relevant for treating familial chylomicronemia syndrome and mixed hyperlipidemia 6.