ATP5MF (ATP synthase membrane subunit f) is a critical component of mitochondrial Complex V (F₁F₀-ATP synthase), which synthesizes ATP from ADP using the proton gradient generated by the respiratory chain 1. As part of the membrane F₀ domain, ATP5MF participates in proton translocation coupled to ATP synthesis through a rotary mechanism involving the central stalk 1. Clinically, ATP5MF has emerged as a cancer-associated metabolic protein with disease relevance across multiple malignancies. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), high ATP5MF expression correlates with poor prognosis in non-BRCA1/2 mutation cases 2. Experimental silencing of ATP5MF in TNBC cell lines reduced cell growth, colony formation, and impaired mitochondrial function, establishing it as a therapeutic target 2. Similarly, ATP5MF is among genes highly expressed in multiple myeloma malignant plasma cells but absent or minimally expressed in healthy plasma cells, suggesting oncogenic potential through metabolic reprogramming 3. In bladder urothelial carcinoma, ATP5MF shows positive correlation with PTCD1, a regulator of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial metabolism involved in tumor progression 4. These findings position ATP5MF as a metabolic oncotarget with potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications across cancer types.