ATRN (attractin) is a multifunctional cell adhesion protein encoded on chromosome 20 that exists as both secreted and transmembrane isoforms generated through alternative splicing 1. The gene produces a soluble form with dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity released by activated T lymphocytes and a membrane-bound form that regulates cell-cell interactions during inflammatory responses 1. ATRN plays a critical role in central nervous system myelination; loss-of-function mutations cause age-dependent neurodegeneration with hypomyelination, neuronal cell death, and vacuolation 23. The protein exhibits neuroprotective functions by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and preventing cytochrome c release and apoptosis-inducing factor release in response to neurotoxins 2. ATRN mutations impair working memory through reduced myelin basic protein expression 4. Clinically, elevated serum ATRN levels have been identified as a potential biomarker in inflammatory bowel disease patients compared to healthy controls 5, and ATRN was identified as an early serum marker for preeclampsia risk prediction, contributing to complement, coagulation, and growth factor signaling pathways 6. These findings establish ATRN as a key regulator of neurological development and immune homeostasis with disease relevance across neurodevelopmental and inflammatory conditions.