BICD1 is a coiled-coil motor adaptor protein that regulates intracellular cargo transport by recruiting the dynein-dynactin motor complex to facilitate minus-end-directed organelle movement along microtubules 1. Its primary function involves COPI-independent Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum retrograde transport and is conserved across species from Drosophila to mammals 12. Beyond vesicular trafficking, BICD1 mediates hypoxia-induced HIF1α nuclear translocation in mesenchymal stem cells through dynein-dependent mechanisms, critical for metabolic adaptation under hypoxia 3. BICD1 also regulates PAR1 endocytosis in triple-negative breast cancer, suppressing thrombin-dependent signaling 4. Clinically, BICD1 expression associates with emphysema presence in COPD patients identified through genome-wide association studies 5. High BICD1 expression predicts poor prognosis and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, particularly under hypoxic conditions 6. In the nervous system, BICD1 regulates neurotrophin receptor sorting and axonal transport velocity as part of motor circuits 27. Biallelic loss-of-function BICD1 variants cause hearing loss and peripheral neuropathy, establishing its essential role in neuronal homeostasis 8.