CAPRIN2 is an RNA-binding protein that plays crucial roles in cellular differentiation, particularly during erythropoiesis and eye development. During erythropoiesis, CAPRIN2 functions as a regulatory checkpoint controlling cellular proteostasis, with its levels rising during terminal erythroid differentiation 1. GATA1 potentially regulates CAPRIN2 transcription, and loss of CAPRIN2 boosts erythroid production and maturation, suggesting it normally acts to balance erythroid production 1. In eye development, CAPRIN2 is highly enriched in the lens and is essential for proper lens morphogenesis 2. Conditional knockout of CAPRIN2 in the lens causes abnormally compact lens nucleus and developmental defects resembling Peters anomaly 2. CAPRIN2 mediates post-transcriptional control of key developmental factors involved in cell cycle, transcription, and cytoskeletal maintenance 3. In cancer biology, CAPRIN2 promotes tumor progression through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma 45. CAPRIN2 functions by regulating mRNA transport and translation, modulating expression of proteins critical for cellular differentiation and proliferation across multiple tissue types.