CD68 is a macrophage-associated glycoprotein expressed on tissue macrophages and microglia that plays multifaceted roles in immune surveillance and tissue homeostasis. Functionally, CD68 contributes to phagocytic activities through intracellular lysosomal metabolism and extracellular cell-cell interactions, with rapid recycling from endosomes and lysosomes to the plasma membrane facilitating macrophage migration and selectin-binding [UniProt]. The protein functions as a marker for tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) across multiple malignancies. In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, CD68+ TAMs show increased expression in chemotherapy-resistant patients, though their association with tumor angiogenesis is less pronounced than mast cells 1. In gliomas, elevated CD68 expression on both microglia and tumor cells significantly correlates with malignancy and predicts shorter overall survival, suggesting involvement in glioma progression 2. CD68 serves as a reliable immunohistochemical marker for identifying macrophages and dendritic cells in histiocytic disorders 3 and is recognized as a standard microglial marker in central nervous system studies 4. Clinically, in breast carcinoma, combined high CD68 and CD47 expression independently predicts poor overall survival, positioning CD68 as a valuable prognostic indicator and potential immunotherapy target 5.