CDK10 is a cyclin-dependent kinase that functions as both a tumor suppressor and regulator of cellular processes critical for development and immunity. The kinase phosphorylates multiple substrates including ETS2, promoting its proteasomal degradation 1, and PKN2, which negatively regulates ciliogenesis through RhoA signaling 1. CDK10 acts as a tumor suppressor in several cancer types, with downregulation observed in biliary tract cancers 2 and nasopharyngeal carcinomas, where promoter hypermethylation silences expression 3. However, CDK10 also suppresses antitumor immunity by phosphorylating DNMT1 and RAP80, reducing double-stranded RNA and R-loop accumulation, thereby inhibiting MDA5 and cGAS-mediated innate immune activation 4. Loss-of-function mutations cause severe developmental disorders characterized by growth retardation, spine malformations, and developmental delays 5. CDK10 expression is elevated in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue, particularly in the cerebellum 6. The protein exists as multiple isoforms with different subcellular localizations and shows tissue-specific expression patterns 7. These diverse functions highlight CDK10's complex roles in development, cancer biology, and immune regulation.