CHST1 encodes a carbohydrate sulfotransferase that catalyzes the transfer of sulfate groups from 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) to galactose residues, primarily functioning in keratan sulfate biosynthesis and selectin ligand generation. The enzyme participates in constructing disulfated disaccharide units within keratan sulfate polymers and shows preference for sulfating keratan sulfate over unsulfated polymers 1. CHST1 plays a crucial role in vascular biology by generating functional L-selectin ligands on endothelial cells, with increased expression enhancing leukocyte rolling under shear stress conditions 2. The gene is expressed by human vascular endothelial cells and contributes to inflammatory responses through selectin-mediated leukocyte trafficking 3. In cancer contexts, CHST1 demonstrates significant clinical relevance, showing elevated expression in gastric cancer tissues where it correlates with epithelial-mesenchymal transition scores and poor prognosis 4. The protein regulates cancer cell proliferation, migration, and EMT through MAPK/ERK signaling pathways 4. CHST1 also serves as a hub gene in neuroendocrine prostate cancer, distinguishing it from castration-resistant adenocarcinoma 5. Additionally, DNA methylation studies have identified CHST1 as potentially involved in metabolic traits and psychiatric conditions like anorexia nervosa 6.