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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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CKS2
CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 2
Chromosome 9 · 9q22.2
NCBI Gene: 1164Ensembl: ENSG00000123975.6HGNC: HGNC:2000UniProt: P33552
76PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingSCF ubiquitin ligase complexprotein kinase bindinghistone bindingbreast benign neoplasmneurodegenerative diseasenephrotic syndromecancer
✦AI Summary

CKS2 (cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2) is a regulatory protein essential for cyclin-dependent kinase function and cell cycle progression 1. It binds to CDK catalytic subunits and participates in the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, facilitating protein degradation through ubiquitin-mediated pathways 2. In cancer biology, CKS2 is aberrantly upregulated across multiple tumor types and promotes malignant progression through multiple mechanisms 3. It enhances cell proliferation, invasion, and migration while suppressing apoptosis by regulating critical genes including p53, CDK1, cyclins A/B1, and caspases 1. CKS2 modulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and promotes ferroptosis resistance through glutathione metabolic reprogramming 4. Additionally, E2F1 transcriptionally activates CKS2, which subsequently suppresses PTEN expression to sustain proliferative signaling 5. Clinically, elevated CKS2 expression strongly correlates with poor prognosis across malignancies 6. Meta-analysis demonstrated that high CKS2 expression associates with reduced overall survival (HR=2.27), advanced tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and larger tumor size 6. CKS2 serves as an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer and is dysregulated through epigenetic mechanisms involving miR-26a and YB-1 17. CKS2 knockdown sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy and ferroptosis-inducing agents, positioning it as a promising therapeutic target 4.

Sources cited
1
CKS2 is involved in cell cycle and proliferation, elevated in cancer, and plays roles in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance
PMID: 39188686
2
CKS2 promotes cancer progression via regulating p53, CDK1, cyclin A, cyclin B1, caspase-3, and Bax; dysregulated through miR-26a and YB-1
PMID: 26137251
3
CKS2 identified as hub gene in cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex and SCF ubiquitin ligase complex pathways in osteosarcoma metastasis
PMID: 39324133
4
CKS2 induces autophagy-mediated glutathione metabolic reprogramming to promote ferroptosis resistance; CKS2 knockdown enhances ferroptosis sensitivity
PMID: 39548421
5
CKS2 is upregulated in colorectal cancer, independently predicts poor prognosis, promotes invasion through claudin1 regulation
PMID: 26609478
6
Meta-analysis: high CKS2 expression associated with reduced overall survival (HR=2.27), advanced stage, lymph node metastasis, larger tumor size, lower differentiation
PMID: 38296306
7
E2F1 transcriptionally activates CKS2; CKS2 regulates PI3K-AKT pathway and PTEN suppression in retinoblastoma
PMID: 36096885
8
CKS2 depletion compromises cell proliferation and enhances chemotherapy-induced apoptosis through Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway
PMID: 26531156
Disease Associationsⓘ20
breast benign neoplasmOpen Targets
0.32Weak
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.28Weak
nephrotic syndromeOpen Targets
0.26Weak
cancerOpen Targets
0.11Weak
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.10Weak
gliomaOpen Targets
0.10Weak
Female infertility due to fertilization defectOpen Targets
0.10Weak
azoospermiaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
Rare genetic female infertilityOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
oocyte maturation defect 14Open Targets
0.09Suggestive
oocyte maturation defect 5Open Targets
0.09Suggestive
female infertility due to oocyte meiotic arrestOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
lung adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
Miyoshi myopathyOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
oocyte maturation defect 11Open Targets
0.08Suggestive
oocyte maturation defect 6Open Targets
0.08Suggestive
oocyte maturation defect 7Open Targets
0.08Suggestive
oocyte/zygote/embryo maturation arrest 19Open Targets
0.08Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
TTC28Shared pathway100%SKP1Protein interaction100%SKP2Protein interaction100%CUL1Protein interaction100%CCNA1Protein interaction100%CDC20Protein interaction100%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Bone Marrow
100%
Brain
64%
Lung
16%
Liver
13%
Ovary
5%
Heart
4%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
CKS2TTC28SKP1SKP2CUL1CCNA1CDC20
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB6GU2 · 2.00 Å · X-ray
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.78LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.55Intermediate
Observed/Expected LoF0.34 [0.17–0.78]
RankingsWhere CKS2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #6,238of 20,598
    Most Researched76
  • #6,422of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.78
Genes detectedCKS2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Biological functions and therapeutic potential of CKS2 in human cancer.
PMID: 39188686
Front Oncol · 2024
1.00
2
CKS2 in human cancers: Clinical roles and current perspectives (Review).
PMID: 26137251
Mol Clin Oncol · 2015
0.90
3
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the communications between tumor microenvironment components and tumor metastasis in osteosarcoma.
PMID: 39324133
Front Immunol · 2024
0.80
4
CKS2 induces autophagy-mediated glutathione metabolic reprogramming to facilitate ferroptosis resistance in colon cancer.
PMID: 39548421
Mol Med · 2024
0.70
5
Up-regulated CKS2 promotes tumor progression and predicts a poor prognosis in human colorectal cancer.
PMID: 26609478
Am J Cancer Res · 2015
0.60