Ceruloplasmin (CP) is a multifunctional copper-binding glycoprotein with critical roles in metal ion homeostasis and antioxidant defense. As a ferroxidase, CP oxidizes ferrous iron (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+) without generating reactive oxygen species, facilitating iron transport across cell membranes and incorporation onto transferrin 1. The protein's six to seven copper atoms enable diverse enzymatic activities, including oxidation of biogenic amines such as norepinephrine and serotonin 2, and copper-dependent oxidoreductase functions 34. CP exhibits glutathione peroxidase-like activity, removing both hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides in the presence of thiols 5. Additionally, CP demonstrates NO-oxidase and NO2 synthase activities that regulate endocrine nitric oxide homeostasis 6. Dysfunction of CP causes aceruloplasminemia, a rare genetic disorder characterized by iron accumulation in the brain and systemic tissues, highlighting CP's essential role in preventing iron-induced oxidative damage. The protein functions both in plasma and intracellularly, contributing to cellular oxidant detoxification and maintaining copper-iron balance critical for neurological health and metabolic function.