DAZ3 (deleted in azoospermia 3) is a Y-chromosome Y-binding protein essential for male fertility and spermatogenesis. As part of the DAZ gene family located in the AZFc region, DAZ3 functions by binding to 3'-UTRs of mRNAs and regulating their translation during sperm development 1. The gene exists in multiple copies (DAZ1-4) with varying functional significance. Meta-analyses demonstrate that partial DAZ3/4 deletions show population-specific associations with male infertility - significantly associated with infertility risk in Non-East Asian populations but not in East Asian populations 1. However, multiple studies suggest DAZ3/4 deletions may have limited impact on fertility compared to DAZ1/2 deletions. Evidence indicates that DAZ3/4 deletions are not significantly associated with azoospermia or oligozoospermia 12, and complete deletion of DAZ3/DAZ4 genes in Y haplogroup N men occurs without apparent fertility impairment 3. Some studies found no relationship between DAZ3/4 presence/absence and spermatogenic failure 4, while others identified specific deletion patterns (combined DAZ2/DAZ4 deletion) associated with infertility 5. The clinical significance of DAZ3 varies by population and deletion pattern, requiring careful genetic screening in assisted reproduction protocols 6.