DPYSL4 (dihydropyrimidinase like 4) is a member of the collapsin response mediator protein family with dual roles in neuronal development and cellular metabolism. The protein functions as a p53-inducible pro-apoptotic factor, directly regulated by p53 in response to DNA damage and contributing to tumor suppression 1. DPYSL4 associates with mitochondrial supercomplexes and regulates oxidative phosphorylation, enhancing ATP production and oxygen consumption in both cancer cells and adipocytes 2. This metabolic function appears to suppress tumor growth and metastasis, with low DPYSL4 expression correlating with poor survival in breast and ovarian cancers 2. The gene is involved in neuronal development pathways and has been identified as a candidate gene for intellectual disability, particularly in chromosome 10.2/q26.3 deletion syndromes affecting dendritogenesis 3. In gastric cancer, DPYSL4 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration 4. Additionally, DPYSL4 shows frequent promoter hypermethylation in various cancers including endometrial and hepatocellular carcinomas, suggesting epigenetic regulation of its tumor suppressor function 56. The protein's dihydropyrimidinase-like domain is essential for its mitochondrial association and metabolic effects 2.