EIF3H (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit H) functions as a component of the eIF3 complex required for protein synthesis initiation, but also exhibits deubiquitinase activity that promotes cancer progression. As part of the eIF3 complex, EIF3H facilitates ribosome assembly and mRNA recruitment for translation initiation 1. Beyond its canonical translation role, EIF3H acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme belonging to the JAMM superfamily, stabilizing oncogenic proteins through removal of K48-linked ubiquitin chains 234. In colorectal cancer, EIF3H stabilizes HAX1 and activates RAF-MEK-ERK signaling 5, while in hepatocellular carcinoma it stabilizes OGT and inhibits ferroptosis 3. EIF3H also stabilizes β-catenin in anaplastic thyroid cancer, promoting Wnt signaling activation 4. The protein enhances translation of oncogenic mRNAs like BRD4 through interaction with METTL3, promoting mRNA circularization 16. EIF3H is consistently overexpressed across multiple cancers and correlates with poor prognosis 253. Genetic polymorphisms in EIF3H represent major risk factors for colorectal cancer 7. These findings establish EIF3H as both a translation regulator and oncogenic deubiquitinase, making it a promising therapeutic target.