FGF10 is a morphoregulatory growth factor predominantly expressed in mesenchymal cells that signals through FGFR2b in adjacent epithelia to regulate branching morphogenesis, stem cell fate, and tissue differentiation 1. During development, FGF10 is essential for normal lung airway branching morphogenesis and multiple stages of structural lung development 2. FGF10 maintains progenitor cell populations and promotes alveolar type 2 cell expansion following injury, with defects in FGF10 signaling during development leading to neonatal lung disease 2. In adult tissues, FGF10 plays critical roles in tissue homeostasis and repair. Following myocardial infarction, FGF10 promotes cardiac regeneration through dual mechanisms: enhancing cardiomyocyte proliferation and preventing myofibroblast activation to inhibit fibrosis 3. In chr5 obstructive pulmonary disease, impaired FGF10 signaling in alveolar walls contributes to emphysema and pulmonary hypertension, while FGF10 overexpression successfully restores lung structure 4. FGF10 also attenuates allergic airway inflammation in asthma by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway 5. Additionally, FGF10 promotes fate transition of epidermal cell-derived organoids toward eccrine gland phenotype through FGFR1/2-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling 6. Heterozygous FGF10 mutations cause craniofacial syndromes including lacrimal and salivary gland aplasia 1, while elevated FGF10 expression associates with poor prognosis in certain cancers. These findings identify FGF10 as a target for regenerative medicine and novel therapeutic strategies across multiple organ systems.