GNG3 (G protein subunit gamma 3) is a component of heterotrimeric G-protein complexes that functions as a modulator in transmembrane signaling systems. As part of the G-protein beta-gamma dimer, GNG3 is required for GTPase activity, GDP-GTP exchange, and G-protein effector interactions, enabling G protein-coupled receptor signaling 1. Mechanistically, GNG3 protein stability is regulated through acetylation. CREBBP-mediated acetylation of GNG3 enhances its stability and promotes NF-κB pathway activation 1. GNG3 participates in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways and associates with other components in regulating cellular responses 2. GNG3 shows disease relevance across multiple conditions. In allergic rhinitis, elevated GNG3 expression exacerbates airway inflammation through NF-κB activation, and GNG3 knockdown significantly reduces inflammatory responses 1. In neurological diseases, GNG3 is identified as a hub gene associated with brain aging in the prefrontal cortex 3 and represents a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis 4. Additionally, GNG3 appears as a key gene in glioblastoma 5, epilepsy-glioma comorbidity 6, and colorectal cancer 7, though its specific functional roles in these contexts require further investigation. Clinically, GNG3 may serve as a diagnostic/prognostic marker and therapeutic target in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases, particularly where NF-κB pathway modulation is relevant.