GSTA2 (glutathione S-transferase alpha 2) is a phase II detoxification enzyme located on chromosome 6 that catalyzes conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic compounds, facilitating xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant defense 1. The enzyme functions primarily in the cytosol and is involved in glutathione metabolic processes 2. GSTA2 plays a critical protective role in cellular stress responses; it localizes to motile cilia where it regulates cilia motility 3, and its expression is upregulated in response to oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions 3. In metabolic contexts, GSTA2 contributes to lipid homeostasis and antioxidant defense—EGCG-induced GSTA2 upregulation in obese rats correlated with improved lipid metabolism and extended lifespan 2. GSTA2 expression is sexually dimorphic, with higher levels in female proximal tubule cells conferring renal resilience to ischemia-reperfusion injury; transgenic male expression of GSTA2 reduced oxidative injury and fibrosis 4. Genetically, GSTA2 expression is regulated by promoter polymorphisms and shows allele-specific variation affecting individual susceptibility to carcinogen exposure and chemotherapeutic drug responses 5. Additionally, GSTA2 upregulation protects against neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease models 6. GSTA2 variants associate with type 2 diabetes risk through effects on insulin production 7.